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# 一、文件
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## 1.1 压缩及解压
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+ zip
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```shell
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# 压缩
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zip -r ./xxx.zip ./*
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# 解压
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unzip xxx.zip
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# 查看压缩文件内容
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unzip -v xxx.zip
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# 从zip中删除xxx.txt文件
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zip xxx.zip -d xxx.txt
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```
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+ tar
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```shell
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# 解压
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tar -zxvf xxxx.tar.gz
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tar -xvf xxxx.tar
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tar -xjvf xxxx.tar.bz2
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# 压缩
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# 将目录里所有jpg文件打包成tar.jpg
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tar -cvf jpg.tar *.jpg
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# 将目录里所有jpg文件打包成jpg.tar后，并且将其用gzip压缩
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tar -czf jpg.tar.gz *.jpg
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```
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+ 压缩命令过长
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```shell
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find ./ -name '*' -print |zip files -@
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```
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## 1.2 文件合并及切分
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+ 合并
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```shell
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cat *.txt > target.txt
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```
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+ 拆分
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```shell
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# 按大小切分
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split -b 100m xxxx
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# 按行切分
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split -l xxxx
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# 设置拆分后文件名,指定数字后缀
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split -b 100m -d xxxx xxxx_part_
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```
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## 1.3 查看文件
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+ 文件大小
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```shell
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du -sh xxx
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```
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+ ls
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```
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# 查看所有
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ls -a
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# 列表形式显示
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ls -l
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```
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+ ll
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```
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# 以文件上次被修改的时间排序
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ll -lht|head -n 20
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```
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## 1.4 创建文件
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```
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# 创建文件
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touch xxx.txt
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# 创建隐藏文件
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touch .xxxx.txt
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```
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## 1.5 移动及复制文件（夹）
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```shell
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# 将xxx.txt文件移动到abc文件夹
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mv xxx.txt abc
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# 将1文件移动到2文件，实质上就是1文件重命名为2文件
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mv 1.txt 2.txt
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```
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```
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# 使用指令 cp 将当前目录 test/ 下的所有文件复制到新目录 newtest 下
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cp –r test/ newtest
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# cp 命令使用 -r 参数可以将 packageA 下的所有文件拷贝到 packageB
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cp -r /home/packageA/* /home/cp/packageB/
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```
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## 1.6 查找文件
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+ find
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```
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# 指定目录
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find /home -name 123.txt
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# 模糊查找12开头的文件
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find /home -name ‘12*’
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# 将当前目录及其子目录下所有文件后缀为 .c 的文件列出来
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find . -name "*.c"
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# 将当前目录及其子目录中的所有文件列出
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find . -type f
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# 全局查找以txt后缀文件
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find / -name "*.txt*"
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```
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## 1.7 查看文件
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+ view
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```shell
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# 进入vi查看，不可编辑
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view xxx.txt
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```
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+ cat
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```
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# 输出文件
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cat xxx.txt
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```
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## 1.8 清空文件
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+ true
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```shell
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true > 1.txt
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```
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## 1.9 将结果转存文件
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```
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# 将内容追加到txt中
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ls > 1.txt
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ll > 1.txt
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```
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## 1.10 grep
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```shell
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# 查找进程
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ps -ef|grep xxxx
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#
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```
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## 1.11 sed
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## 1.12 awk
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# 二、网络
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## 2.1 查看IP
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yum install -y net-tools
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+ ifconfig
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```
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ifconfig
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```
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+ lsof
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```
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# 查看所有
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lsof -i
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# 查看指定端口
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lsof -i:8080
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# 查看文件进程
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lsof xxx.txt
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```
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## 2.2 查看网关
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```
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# 查看gateway
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route -n
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```
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## 2.3 查看端口占用
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```
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netstat -anp|grep 3306
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```
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## 2.4 ping
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```shell
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ping 192.168.1.1
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```
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## 2.5 host
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+ hostname
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```
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# 查看本机Hostname
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hostname
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```
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```shell
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# 查看Hosts文件
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vi /etc/hosts
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```
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## 2.6 SSH远程登录
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```
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# 默认端口22
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ssh username@ip
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# 指定端口
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ssh -p 2233 username@ip
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```
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## 2.7 SCP远程复制
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```
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# 指定用户名IP
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scp local_file remote_username@remote_ip:remote_folder
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或者
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scp local_file remote_username@remote_ip:remote_file
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或者
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|
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# 做了互信
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scp local_file remote_ip:remote_folder
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或者
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scp local_file remote_ip:remote_file
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scp local_file remote_host:remote_file
|
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|
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# 递归复制整个目录
|
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scp -r local_dir remote_host:remote_folder
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```
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# 三、权限
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## 3.1 用户权限及用户组
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Linux/Unix 的文件调用权限分为三级 : 文件所有者（Owner）、用户组（Group）、其它用户（Other Users）
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+ chmod
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```
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# 添加操作权限
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|
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chmod +x xxx.sh
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#
|
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chmod 777 xxx.sh
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```
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|
|
|
|
|
|
![[file-permissions-rwx.jpg]]![[rwx-standard-unix-permission-bits.png]]
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+ chown
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|
|
```
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# 添加操作用户
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chown [-R] 所有者:所属组 文件或目录
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```
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## 3.2 免密
|
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```
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|
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# 安装ssh
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|
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yum -y install openssh openssh-server openssh-clients
|
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|
|
systemctl start sshd
|
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|
|
systemctl status sshd
|
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|
|
```
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```
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|
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ssh-keygen -t rsa #三次回车
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|
|
|
# 复制rsa凭证到对方机cdh-master在hosts中配置,也可以改为 用户名@ip
|
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|
|
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ssh-copy-id -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cdh-master
|
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|
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ssh-copy-id -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cdh-slave1
|
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```
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# 四、系统
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## 4.1 系统时间
|
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|
|
```
|
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|
date
|
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|
|
```
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## 4.2 防火墙
|
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|
|
|
```
|
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|
|
systemctl disable firewalld
|
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|
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systemctl stop firewalld
|
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|
|
```
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|
|
## 4.3 selinux
|
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|
|
|
```
|
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|
|
|
[root@dev-server ~]# getenforce
|
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|
|
Disabled
|
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|
|
|
[root@dev-server ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus -v
|
|
|
|
|
|
SELinux status: disabled
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
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|
|
|
|
临时关闭
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
##设置SELinux 成为permissive模式
|
|
|
|
|
|
##setenforce 1 设置SELinux 成为enforcing模式
|
|
|
|
|
|
setenforce 0
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
永久关闭
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
vi /etc/selinux/config
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 设置后需要重启才能生效
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 4.4 linux内核及版本
|
|
|
|
|
|
+ lsb_release
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看发行版
|
|
|
|
|
|
lsb_release -a
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
+ uname
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看内核版本
|
|
|
|
|
|
uname -a
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 4.5 查看内存、CPU
|
|
|
|
|
|
+ free 查看内存
|
|
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 以G为单位
|
|
|
|
|
|
free -h
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 以M为单位
|
|
|
|
|
|
free -m
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CPU
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看CPU型号及总线程数
|
|
|
|
|
|
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq -c
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看CPU线程数
|
|
|
|
|
|
cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep "processor"|wc -l
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 4.6 修改密码
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 修改root密码
|
|
|
|
|
|
passwd root
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 4.7 查看磁盘
|
|
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
|
|
|
|
df -h
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 4.8 查看进程
|
|
|
|
|
|
+ jps
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
查看java虚拟机进程
|
|
|
|
|
|
jsp
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
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# 五、vim
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![[vi-vim-cheat-sheet-sch.gif]]
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| 操作 | 命令 |
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| -------------- | ------------------------------- |
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| 复制 | yy 复制当前行 |
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| 粘贴 | p |
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| 查找 | 普通模式下 按下/ 并输入待查字符 |
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| 保存/强制保存 | wq/wq! |
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| 退出vim | q/q! |
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| 取消插入模式 | esc |
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| 显示/取消行号 | :set nu/:set nonu |
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| 修改文件format | :set fileformat=unix |
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| 删除 | dd 删除当前行 |
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| 方向键 | h：左 j:下 k：上 l：右 |
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