obsidian-sync/work常用/数据库/SqlServer常用.md

# 一、统计
## 1.1 数据量统计
```sql
exec sp_spaceused 表名;
```

## 1.2 批量统计
本质是循环
```sql
exec sp_MSforeachtable "exec sp_spaceused '?'"
```

# 二、分页
## 2.1 topN
查看前5条
```sql
select TOP 5 *from T_ProductMain
```

## 2.2 分页查询
要查询上述结果中第 7 条到第 9 条记录
```sql
select top 3 id from tablename  
where id not in (  
  select top 6 id from tablename  
)
```
m-1=6，m=7
```sql
select top (n-m+1) id from tablename  
where id not in (  
  select top m-1 id from tablename  
)
```
通过行号分页
```sql
SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT ROW_NUMBER()over(order by getdate()) AS rownumber,* from T_ProductMain
) AS #a
WHERE #a.rownumber>=1 AND #a.rownumber<=5
```
sqlserver 2012及以上版本支持
```sql
SELECT * FROM T_AttrPart 
ORDER BY PartNo offset 0 ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY
```

# 三、元数据
## 3.1 查看所有表名
```sql
select top 10000
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY a.name) AS No, 
a.name AS 表名,
CONVERT(NVARCHAR(100),isnull(g.[value],'-')) AS 说明
from
sys.tables a left join sys.extended_properties g
on (a.object_id = g.major_id AND g.minor_id = 0);
```

## 3.2 查看字段及类型
```sql
select column_name name,data_type type 
from information_schema.columns 
where table_name = 'T_AltAffix'
```

## 3.3 查看数据库版本
```sql
SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('productversion') as version_code, SERVERPROPERTY ('productlevel') as version_level, SERVERPROPERTY ('edition') as version_type
```

## 3.4 系统自带
+ 存储过程
```sql
dt_addtosourcecontrol  
dt_addtosourcecontrol_u  
dt_adduserobject  
dt_adduserobject_vcs  
dt_checkinobject  
dt_checkinobject_u  
dt_checkoutobject  
dt_checkoutobject_u  
dt_droppropertiesbyid  
dt_dropuserobjectbyid  
dt_generateansiname  
dt_getobjwithprop  
dt_getobjwithprop_u  
dt_getpropertiesbyid  
dt_getpropertiesbyid_u  
dt_getpropertiesbyid_vcs  
dt_getpropertiesbyid_vcs_u  
dt_isundersourcecontrol  
dt_isundersourcecontrol_u  
dt_removefromsourcecontrol  
dt_setpropertybyid  
dt_setpropertybyid_u  
dt_validateloginparams  
dt_validateloginparams_u  
dt_vcsenabled  
dt_verstamp006  
dt_verstamp007  
dt_whocheckedout  
dt_whocheckedout_u
```

## 3.5 查看字符集
```sql
SELECT COLLATIONPROPERTY('Chinese_PRC_Stroke_CI_AI_KS_WS', 'CodePage');

select SERVERPROPERTY('Sqlcharsetname');
```
| 字符集编码 | 类型            |
| ---------- | --------------- |
| 936        | 简体中文GBK     |
| 950        | 繁体中文BIG5    |
| 437        | 美国/加拿大英语 |
| 932        | 日文            |
| 949        | 韩文            |
| 866        | 俄文            |
| 65001           | unicode UFT-8  |

## 3.6 查看数据占用大小
```sql
	SELECT a.name [文件名称] ,cast(a.[size]*1.0/128 as decimal(12,1)) AS [文件设置大小(MB)] ,
    CAST( fileproperty(s.name,'SpaceUsed')/(8*16.0) AS DECIMAL(12,1)) AS [文件所占空间(MB)] ,
    CAST( (fileproperty(s.name,'SpaceUsed')/(8*16.0))/(s.size/(8*16.0))*100.0 AS DECIMAL(12,1)) AS [所占空间率%] ,
    CASE WHEN A.growth =0 THEN '文件大小固定，不会增长' ELSE '文件将自动增长' end [增长模式] ,CASE WHEN A.growth > 0 AND is_percent_growth = 0 
    THEN '增量为固定大小' WHEN A.growth > 0 AND is_percent_growth = 1 THEN '增量将用整数百分比表示' ELSE '文件大小固定，不会增长' END AS [增量模式] ,
    CASE WHEN A.growth > 0 AND is_percent_growth = 0 THEN cast(cast(a.growth*1.0/128as decimal(12,0)) AS VARCHAR)+'MB' 
    WHEN A.growth > 0 AND is_percent_growth = 1 THEN cast(cast(a.growth AS decimal(12,0)) AS VARCHAR)+'%' ELSE '文件大小固定，不会增长' end AS [增长值(%或MB)] ,
    a.physical_name AS [文件所在目录] ,a.type_desc AS [文件类型] 
FROM sys.database_files a 
INNER JOIN sys.sysfiles AS s  ON a.[file_id]=s.fileid 
LEFT JOIN sys.dm_db_file_space_usage b ON a.[file_id]=b.[file_id] ORDER BY a.[type]
```

# 四、视图
+ 索引视图
```sql
# 创建索引视图，必须指定列名
create view vwi_T_AttrPart WITH SCHEMABINDING as
SELECT ROW_NUMBER()over(order by getdate()) AS rownumber,PartNo ,ParentNO ,PartName ,SectNo ,OrderNo ,SessionCode ,IsNew ,AltMainNo ,PayPartID ,EngineerTypeID1 ,EngineerTypeID2 ,EngineerTypeID3 ,EngineerID ,SectDetailID ,StartPile ,EndPile ,CenterPile ,Mileage ,PartTypeID ,PartRemarks from dbo.T_AttrPart

# 添加索引列（报错:不能在索引或统计信息中使用 视图'dbo.vwi_T_AttrPart' 的列 'rownumber'，也不能将该列用作分区键，因为它不具有确定性）
CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX 
    ucidx_rownumber 
ON dbo.vwi_T_AttrPart(rownumber);
```