# 一、概念 function Calling 是一种机制，允许大语言模型[动态调用](https://zhida.zhihu.com/search?content_id=254823414&content_type=Article&match_order=1&q=%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%81%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8&zd_token=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJ6aGlkYV9zZXJ2ZXIiLCJleHAiOjE3NDIzNzc4MTgsInEiOiLliqjmgIHosIPnlKgiLCJ6aGlkYV9zb3VyY2UiOiJlbnRpdHkiLCJjb250ZW50X2lkIjoyNTQ4MjM0MTQsImNvbnRlbnRfdHlwZSI6IkFydGljbGUiLCJtYXRjaF9vcmRlciI6MSwiemRfdG9rZW4iOm51bGx9.SFQ4VSfJ2VWn-0GlIyT2_oZcB3dIPRDbBWFy9g7gYmM&zhida_source=entity)外部函数或API，以完成特定任务。例如，当用户提问“今天的天气如何？”时，模型可以通过调用天气API获取实时数据并返回结果。这种方式不仅提升了模型的实用性，还使其能够处理复杂的多步骤任务。 流程如下： ![[Pasted image 20250317180245.png]] 1. 用户输入问题或指令。 2. 模型分析输入，生成 [JSON 格式](https://zhida.zhihu.com/search?content_id=254823414&content_type=Article&match_order=1&q=JSON+%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F&zd_token=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJ6aGlkYV9zZXJ2ZXIiLCJleHAiOjE3NDIzNzc4MTgsInEiOiJKU09OIOagvOW8jyIsInpoaWRhX3NvdXJjZSI6ImVudGl0eSIsImNvbnRlbnRfaWQiOjI1NDgyMzQxNCwiY29udGVudF90eXBlIjoiQXJ0aWNsZSIsIm1hdGNoX29yZGVyIjoxLCJ6ZF90b2tlbiI6bnVsbH0.CqcXsaw3SWw2cR64Zo3MC3hEnVXL7SwKfAfkt-xau9I&zhida_source=entity)的函数调用请求。 3. 后端解析请求，调用对应函数或API。 4. 将函数返回的结果传递回模型。 5. 模型基于结果生成最终回答。 # 二、Deepseek function calling `仅限于火山引擎，Deepseek-r1 原版不支持function calling` ``` 1. tools定义 deepseek 官方定义的格式（最多支持 128 个 function），参考 https://api-docs.deepseek.com/zh-cn/guides/function_calling ```json TOOLS = [ { "type": "function", "function": { "name": "get_current_weather", "description": "Get weather of an location, the user shoud supply a location first", "parameters": { "type": "object", "properties": { "location": { "type": "string", "description": "The city and state, e.g. San Francisco, CA", } }, "required": ["location"] }, } }, { "type": "function", "function": { "name": "play_video", "description": "播放、查看、打开实时视频", "parameters": { "type": "object", "properties": { "camera_name": { "type": "string", "description": "相机名称,例如：南卡口1号相机", } }, "required": ["camera_name"] }, } }, { "type": "function", "function": { "name": "split_screen", "description": "切换分屏", "parameters": { "type": "object", "properties": { "split_n": { "type": "int", "description": "要切换的分屏数量,整数并且大于0，例如：1分屏、2分屏", } }, "required": ["split_n"] }, } }, { "type": "function", "function": { "name": "play_video_record", "description": "播放、打开录像", "parameters": { "type": "object", "properties": { "camera_name": { "type": "string", "description": "相机名称，例如：南卡口1号相机", }, "start_time": { "type": "string", "description": "录像开始时间,格式为yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss，例 2025-03-16 01:00:00", }, "end_time": { "type": "string", "description": "录像结束时间,格式为yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss，例 2025-03-16 02:09:31", } }, "required": ["camera_name", "start_time", "end_time"] }, } }, { "type": "function", "function": { "name": "switch_page", "description": "打开、跳转页面", "parameters": { "type": "object", "properties": { "page_name": { "type": "string", "description": "页面中文名称或者缩写，例：人员核查、系统日志、设备管理、首页", } }, "required": ["page_name"] }, } }, { "type": "function", "function": { "name": "zoom_in", "description": "放大电子地图", "parameters": { "type": "object", "properties": { "level_n": { "type": "int", "description": "放大等级,整数并且大于0小于5，例如：放大1级、放大2级", } }, "required": ["level_n"] }, } }, { "type": "function", "function": { "name": "view_flight_details", "description": "查询指定机场指定航班及时间的出入境人员明细", "parameters": { "type": "object", "properties": { "airport_name": { "type": "string", "description": "机场名称，简体中文，可以是缩写，例如：成都天府机场、天府机场、长水机场、上海浦东机场", }, "flight_code": { "type": "string", "description": "航班编号,由字母+数字组成的完整编号,若编号包含多余字符（如标点符号），需过滤后保留有效部分", }, "flight_date": { "type": "string", "description": "提取完整日期（年月日），自动补零至标准格式 yyyy-MM-dd, 例：2025-03-16", }, "ie_type": { "type": "string", "description": "出入境类型，仅识别'入境'或'出境'两种类型", } }, "required": ["airport_name", "flight_code", "flight_date"] }, } } ] ``` 2. 函数绑定及调用 ```python 模型初始化 llm = ChatOpenAI( model='deepseek-r1-250120', api_key='4eefc827-187f-4756-9637-7e0153c93d81', base_url='https://ark.cn-beijing.volces.com/api/v3/', max_tokens=4096, temperature=0.5, streaming=True ) @staticmethod def invoke_with_tool(user_input: str): """ 工具链调用,function calling时system prompt不会生效 :param user_input: :return: 这里返回的是LLM推理出的tool信息，格式如下： [{'name': 'get_current_weather', 'args': {'location': 'Beijing, China'}, 'id': 'call_xeeq4q52fw9x61lkrqwy9cr6', 'type': 'tool_call'}] """ llm_with_tools = llm.bind_tools(TOOLS) return llm_with_tools.invoke(user_input).tool_calls ``` 3. 返回样例,包含函数名和参数 ```json [{'name': 'get_current_weather', 'args': {'location': 'Beijing, China'}, 'id': 'call_xeeq4q52fw9x61lkrqwy9cr6', 'type': 'tool_call'}] ```