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堆栈(Stack)是一个有序列表,它只能在顶端执行插入和删除。
堆栈(Stack)是一个递归数据结构,具有指向其顶部元素的指针。
堆栈有时被称为后进先出(LIFO)列表,即首先插入堆栈的元素将最后从堆栈中删除。
栈的应用:递归、表达式评估和转换、解析、浏览器、编辑器、树遍历
栈的三个操作:推入(入栈)、弹出(出栈)、窥视(遍历)
栈的2种实现方式基于数组静态栈、基于链表动态栈
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